This is general guidance based on standard permitted development rights in England. Rules differ for listed buildings, conservation areas, and properties with Article 4 directions. Always confirm with your local planning authority before starting work.
Do I Need Planning Permission for a Air Source Heat Pump?
Installing an air source heat pump (ASHP) to heat your home. ASHPs have specific permitted development rights under Part 14 of the GPDO, subject to noise and size conditions.
The General Position
This project is usually allowed under permitted development rights without needing to apply for planning permission, provided certain conditions and limits are met.
Generally permitted under Part 14, Class G of the GPDO. One air source heat pump is permitted per property, subject to conditions on size, noise, and position. The unit must comply with MCS planning standards for noise.
Conditions and Requirements
- 1Only one heat pump per property under PD
- 2Must comply with MCS planning standards (MCS 020) for noise
- 3Must be at least 1m from the property boundary
- 4Must not be installed on a wall or roof slope fronting a highway (that is the principal or side elevation in designated areas)
- 5Must not be on a building listed or within the curtilage of a listed building
- 6Unit must be removed when no longer needed
Size and Dimension Limits
- Maximum volume of the unit: 0.6 cubic metres (including housing)
- Must be at least 1m from the property boundary
When Permitted Development Does Not Apply
- Not PD for listed buildings or within the curtilage of a listed building
- In designated areas, the unit must not be on a wall or roof forming the principal or side elevation visible from a highway
- Noise is a key consideration; complaints from neighbours can lead to a statutory nuisance investigation
- Only one ASHP per property under PD; a second requires planning permission
What About Building Regulations?
Building Regulations apply to the heating system installation. Covers Part L (conservation of fuel and power, including system efficiency), Part J (combustion appliances, if replacing a gas boiler), and Part P (electrical installation). Work should be carried out by an MCS-certified installer to qualify for the Boiler Upgrade Scheme grant.
Building regulations are separate from planning permission. You may need both, one, or neither depending on your project. Building regulations cover the safety and quality of building work, including structural integrity, fire safety, insulation, ventilation, and drainage.
How to Apply for Planning Permission
Check if you need permission
Review the permitted development rules above. If in doubt, contact your council or apply for a Lawful Development Certificate.
Prepare your application
You will need scaled drawings, a site plan, and a completed application form. An architect or planning consultant can help with this.
Submit to your local council
Applications can be submitted online via the Planning Portal or directly to your council. Select your council below for a direct link.
Wait for a decision
8 weeks for householder planning applications if PP is needed..
Application cost: £258.
What Happens If I Build Without Permission?
Low risk if installed within PD conditions. The most common issue is noise complaints from neighbours, which are dealt with under environmental health (statutory nuisance) legislation rather than planning enforcement. Installing a second ASHP without PP could attract enforcement.
Find a Heat Pump Installer for Your Air Source Heat Pump
Browse local heat pump installers on Tradesfolk. Read reviews, compare quotes, and hire with confidence. 100% free for homeowners.
Select Your Council
Choose your local council for guidance specific to your area, including links to apply and whether your council has conservation areas or Article 4 directions that could affect your project.
London
South East
South West
East of England
East Midlands
West Midlands
North East
North West
Yorkshire and the Humber
CA = has conservation areas. A4 = has Article 4 directions. These may restrict your permitted development rights.